Return to History 109 Tues/Thurs Homepage

Study Guide -- Terms and Study Questions
 

Chapter 15  Reconstruction and the New South

Terms:

1. The Redeemers

2. W.E.B. DuBois (Chapter 21)

3. Booker T. Washington

4. Jim Crow

5. NAACP

6. Poll tax, literacy tests, grandfather laws

7. 13th, 14th, 15th Amendments

8. Ida Wells

9. Civil Rights Cases 1883

10. Cumming v. County Board of Education

11. Williams v. Mississippi

12. Plessy v. Ferguson

Back to the top

Chapter 16 The Conquest of the West

TERMS:

1. Homestead Act

2. Colorado Rush of 1859

3. Chisholm Trail

4. Plains Indians

5. Chivington Massacre (Sand Creek Massacre)

6. Battle of Little Big Horn

7. Battle of Wounded Knee

8. Dawes Severalty Act of 1887

9. Union Pacific

10. Central Pacific

11. Agrarian malaise

12. Chinese Exclusion Act 1882

13. Barbed wire

14. "Total War"*

Study Questions

1. Describe the federal land policy after the Civil War.

2. List other things which attracted settlers to the West.

3. Describe the development of the cattle industry in the West and the Southwest. Why was the period of the open range relatively short?

4. Discuss the influence of the following on the life of the plains Indians: the horse, the buffalo, the discovery of gold and silver, and the railroads.

5. What was the Sand Creek Massacre? Battle of Little Big Horn? Battle of Wounded Knee?

6. What was the role of women in the far western mining, railroad towns, ranches and farms of the far west? How did that role change with time?

7. How did white racial, ethnic, and cultural prejudice against Mexicans and Asians shape the development of the American West?

8. What induced farmers to go West? Explain the problems faced by the Western farmers by the 1880s. List their specific grievances. What was the "agrarian malaise"? What solutions were available to the farmers?

Back to the top

Chapter 17  Industrial Supremacy

Terms:

1. Wilbur and Orville Wright

2. Henry Ford

3. Haymarket Riot 1886

4. Homestead Strike 1892

5. Molly Maguires

6. Frederick Winslow Taylor

7. Andrew Carnegie

8. "Limited liability"

9. Holding company

10. Horizontal integration

11. Vertical integration

12. John D. Rockefeller

13. Trust

14. Horatio Alger

15. Social Darwinism

16. The Gospel of Wealth

17. Pullman Strike 1894

18. Knights of Labor

19. American Federation of Labor

20. Railroad strikes of 1877

21. Samuel Gompers

Study Question

• What special advantages did the United States possess in developing industrially?

• List some of the inventions which made possible the rise of industry. How did the new technologies and materials transform other industries?

• Discuss Frederick Winslow Taylor's ideas and experiments.

• Trace the growth of the railroads in the late nineteenth century.

• Describe the changes that were taking place in American business organization. What was the role of the individual entrepreneurs? What was the trust? Why did they develop?

• How were certain laws of Darwin applied to society? Why were people poor according to Social Darwinism? Why were people rich?

• What was the Gospel of Wealth?

• What were alternative philosophies to Social Darwinism?

• How was Social Darwinism used to support a laissez-faire governmental policy?

• Summarize the sources of labor discontent in the late nineteenth century.

• Who were the "new immigrants?"

• Trace the rise of early labor organizations. Why was the AFL more successful than the earlier ones? What was the role of Samuel Gompers? What was the Women's Trade Union League?

• Describe the major strikes mentioned in the text? What was the reaction of the government? What was the reaction of the public?

• List the sources of labor weakness.

Back to the top

Chapter 18  The Age of the City

Terms:

• "Immigration ghettoes"

• American Protective Association

• "Streetcar suburbs"

• Jacob Riis

• How the Other Half Lives

• Tenement

• "Sunday Sabbath"

• Skyscraper

• New immigrants

• Political bosses

• Frederick Law Olmsted

• Suburbs

• City Beautiful Movement

• Brooklyn Bridge

• Public Health Service

• Calvert Vaux

• Urbanization

Study Questions

• Explain the growth of American cities in the late nineteenth century. What factors lured individuals from the country to the city?

• How did traditional patterns of immigration change in the late nineteenth century? What problems were created by these changes? Discuss the attempts made to exclude immigrants from entering the U.S.

• Explain the rise of political machines and boss rule in the American cities. Were there redeeming features of both rule?

• What factors made boss rule possible.

• Describe the problems created by rapid urbanization.

• Who was Jacob Riis? Discuss the impact of his photographs.

Back to the top

Chapter 19  From Stalemate to Crisis

Terms:

• Pendleton Act 1883

• Cross of Gold Speech

• Sherman Antitrust Act 1890

• United States v. E.C. Knight Co. (1895) *

• Granger laws

• Munn v. Illinois 1877  *

• Interstate Commerce Act 1887

• Wabash case

• The Grange

• Farmers Alliances

• Populists

• Ocala Demands of 1890

• Crime of '73

• Mary E. Lease

• William Jennings Bryan

• Mark Hanna *

• Election of 1896

• William McKinley

• Omaha Platform of the Populists

• "Free silver"

• Panic of 1893

• Coxey's Army

• Crime of '73

* Lecture

Study Questions:

• Describe the nature of party politics in the late nineteenth century.

• Discuss the problems of political patronage. How did it effect the presidency?

• What factors determined a person's party affiliation?

• What was the Pendleton Act of 1883?

• What was the position of the Supreme Court on the state regulation of railroads? Describe the switch from the position of the Munn case to the Wabash case.

• Describe the origins and effectiveness of the a) Sherman Antitrust Act; b) Interstate Commerce Act.

• Compare and contrast the Granger and the Farmers Alliance movements.

• Who were the Populists? What were their goals? How successful were they in achieving these goals?

• What are the chief historical controversies concerning the meaning of Populism?

• What were the main issues of the Election of 1896? How do you account for the Republican success?

• Why did agrarian unrest subside and why did silver become a dead issue by the end of the 1890s? Explain the economic prosperity in the McKinley administration.

Back to the top

Chapter 20  The Imperial Republic

Terms:

• "New Manifest Destiny"

• Anti-imperialists

• Alfred T. Mahan

• De Lome letter

• "Yellow press"

• Maine

• Root Reforms

• 1898 Treaty of Paris

• Insular Cases *

• Platt Amendment of 1901

• Aguinaldo

• Open Door

• Boxer intervention

• Theodore Roosevelt

• Rough Riders

• Philippine War of 1898

Study Questions

• How did the new Manifest Destiny of the 1890s differ from traditional American expansionism? What arguments and reasons were used to advance this new expansion?

• Describe United States involvement in Latin American affairs in the late nineteenth century.

• Trace American interests in Samoa and Hawaii.

• Discuss the background of the Spanish-American War. Why did the United States declare war on Spain?

• Describe the results of the Spanish-American War. What factors motivated the United States to become imperialistic in 1898? Describe anti-imperialists concerns.

• What was the conflict in the Philippines? What was the result?

• What were the Open Door notes? Why was this policy appealing to the United States? What was the Boxer Rebellion?

• What military deficiencies did the war with Spain reveal? What were the Root Reforms?

Back to the top

Chapter 21  The rise of Progressivism

Terms:

• Muckrakers

• Social Gospel

• Settlement House movement

• Jane Addams

• Commission and city manager plans

• Recall, referendum, and initiative

• Robert La Follette, "Wisconsin Plan"

• Women's Christian Temperance Union

• National Women's Party

• Eugene Debs

• Industrial Workers of the World (IWW)

• Louis D. Brandeis

• Herbert Croly

• Alice Paul

• Seventeenth, Eighteenth, Nineteenth Amendments

• Ida Wells

• Upton Sinclair, The Jungle

• National American Women Suffrage Association

• Charles Sheldon, In His Steps

• W.E.B. DuBois

• Booker T. Washington

• NAACP

• Lincoln Stephens

• Triangle Shirtwaist Fire

• Progressives

• Alice Paul

• Salvation Army

Terms:

• Discuss the origins of progressivism.

• Was progressivism one movement or a series of contemporaneous reform efforts? What did progressives have in common?

• How have different historians interpreted progressivism? Was it a democratic movement or were important economic and social class interests involved?

• List some humanitarian reforms of the period? What was the settlement house movement? What was the Social Gospel?

• Who were the muckrakers? What was the relationship to progressivism? Are there any contemporary muckrakers?

• Describe the role of women's groups in promoting reform. What was the role of women in the professions? Who were the clubwomen?

• Trace the movement for municipal reform. How successful was it?

• Describe the movement for reform of state government. What were the progressives attempting to do? How successful were they in accomplishing their goals?

• Describe the effect of La Follette in Wisconsin.

• Discuss the "assault on parties." What were the results?

• What was the temperance movement? What was the WCTU? What was the relationship between temperance and other progressive reforms?

• Discuss the movement to restrict immigration. Why was it considered a reform?

• Trace the rise of the women's suffrage movement. Why were many frightened by the movement for women's rights? How did the movement gain strength?

• Who was Alice Paul? Why did she want a constitutional amendment for women's rights?

• Discuss the reforms which were embodied into constitutional amendments.

• Trace the rise of the Socialist Party? What was the IWW? How popular was Debs?

• Compare the positions of Brandeis, Debs, and Croly on how to best deal with the trusts.

Back to the top

Chapter 22  The Battle for National Reform

Terms:

• Square Deal

• Accidental President'

• Hepburn Railroad Regulation Act 1906

• Election of 1904

• Coal Strike 1902

• The Jungle 1906

• Northern Securities Case 1902

• William Howard Taft

• Paine-Aldrich Tariff 1909

• Pure Food and Drug Act 1907

• Meat Inspection Act 1906

• "New Nationalism"

• National Progressive Republican Party "Bull Moose"

• Election of 1912

• New Freedom

• Underwood-Simmons Tariff

• Federal Reserve Act 1913

• Federal Trade Commission Act

• Clayton Antitrust Act

• Big Stick Diplomacy

• Panama Canal/Russ-Japanese War

• Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine

• Dollar Diplomacy

• Pancho Villa

• Carranza

Back to the top

Chapter 23  America and the Great War

Terms:

• Central Powers

• Lusitania

• Sussex 

• Election of 1916

• Zimmerman telegram

• "Liberty Bonds"

• Council of National Defense

• Herbert Hoover

• War Industries Board /Bernard Baruch

• American Expeditionary Force (AEF)

• CPI (Committee on Public Information)

• Espionage Act, Sedition Act

• Fourteen Points

• Paris Peace Conference

• League of Nations

• Red Scare

• Great Migration

• 1919 Race Riots

• Marcus Garvey

• Russian Revolution

• Election of 1920

• John J. Pershing

• Henry Cabot Lodge

Study Questions

• List the sequence of events that led the United States to declare war on Germany in 1917.

• What was the U.S. role in the Allied victory?

• How effective were wartime control boards in providing logistical support for the war effort? Were these controls a fulfillment of New Nationalism ideals?

• List the manifestations of war hysteria during World War I. Describe the place of propaganda in this period.

• What were the announced objectives of the U.S. in fighting the war?

• What was the Red Scare? To what extend were the Red Scare and the Black National Movement direct consequences of the American involvement in World War I?

• Explain Woodrow Wilson's vision for the peace and the problems he had getting European leaders to adopt his vision after the war.

• Describe the ratification battle fought in the United States over the Treaty of Versailles.

• List the economic problems which the country faced after the war. How were these problems related to the U.S. participation in the war?

• How did developments at home between 1918 and 1920 help produce a general sense of disillusionment?

Back to the top

Chapter 24  The New Era

Terms:

• "Normalcy"

• Welfare capitalism

• "Pink-color" jobs

• American plan

• McNary-Haugen bills

• Margaret Sanger

• The Disenchanged

• H.L. Menchken

• Sinclair Lewis

• "Associationalism," trade associations

• Harlem Renaissance

• Religious modernism

• Sheppard-Towner Act

• "Noble experiment"

• Al Capone

• National Origins Act

• Klu Klux Klan

• Fundamentalism

• John T. Scopes

• Warren Harding, Ohio gang

• Teapot Dome

• Al Smith

• Fundamentals

• "Behaviorists"

• Hoover as Secretary of Commerce

• D.W. Griffith, Birth of a Nation

• "Open shop"

• Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters

• Flappers

• Alice Paul

• Calvin Coolidge

• Equal Rights Amendment

Study Questions

• Discuss the reasons for the industrial boom of the 1920s. What segments of the economy prospered and why?

• What was labor's "dilemma?"

• Describe the problems of the farmers in this decade.

• List the changes in the areas of: consumerism, communications, religions, and the role of women.

• How do you account for the disenchantment of the Lost Generation?

• How did Prohibition affect American society and politics?

• Why were immigrants feared in this decade? How do you account for the racial unrest as well?

• In what ways were the Harding and Coolidge administrations pro-business?

• What was the relationship between the government and business in the Harding and Coolidge administrations?

• Describe the Supreme Court decisions of the 1920s which related to business. (lecture and text)

Back to the top

Chapter 25  The Great Depression

Terms:

• "Okies" / Dust Bowl

• "Scottsboro Boys" / Scottsboro Case

• Dale Carnegie

• Frank Capra

• American Communist Party

• Agricultural Marketing Act

• Hawley-Smoot Tariff

• "Hoovervilles"

• Moratorium on intergovernmental debts (lecture)

• Reconstruction Finance Corporation

• Farm Holiday Association

• Bonus army

• Election of 1932

• Black Tuesday

• Great Crash

• Black Tuesday

• American Communist Party

• The Hindenburg

• Life Magazine

• Socialist Party of America

• John Steinbeck - Grapes of Wrath

Study Questions

• What was the relationship between the stock market crash and the Great Depression?

• List the five main causes of the depression that began in 1929.

• How did the Depression spread from the United States to become a world phenomenon, and what effects did it have on world affairs?

• List the effects of the Depression n business and industry.

• Why were farmers in parts of the South and the Midwest particularly hard hit by events? What were the results of this agricultural crisis?

• Trace the problems of unemployment. Why was relief so inadequate?

• What were the particular problems of farmers in the Dust Bowl?

• Describe the effect of the Depression on minorities. Why were they more seriously affected than working class whites?

• In what ways was the Depression reflected in changed social values, popular culture, and serious artistic expression?

• List President Hoover's policies for fighting the Depression and for promoting American interests abroad. What did many Americans perceive him as unsympathetic to their economic problems?

• Why did FDR win the election of 1932?

Back to the top

Chapter 26  The New Deal

Terms:

• "Fireside chats"

• Bank Holiday

• Emergency Banking Act

• National Industrial Recovery Act

• Schecter Case

• Civil Works Administration

• Tennessee Valley Authority

• Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

• Securities and Exchange Commission

• Federal Emergency Relief Administration

• Civilian Conservation Corps

• American Liberty League

• Dr. Francis Townsend

• Senator Huey P. Long

• Agricultural Adjustment Act

• Wagner Act

• Social Security Act

• Works Progress Administration

• Court-packing plan

• Congress of Industrial Organizations

• Keynes

• Francis Perkins

• Black Cabinet

• American Federation of Labor

• John Collier

• Economy Act

• FDR First Inaugural Address

• Indian Reorganization Act Election of 1936

Study Questions

• Compare FDR's initial efforts to solve the Depression with those of Hoover. Which president was more successful?

• List the emergency measures enacted in the first hundred days.

• Describe the New Deal program for raising farm prices and for industrial recovery. Trace the first federal efforts at regional planning.

• What were the New Deal reforms to the financial system? How successful were those reforms?

• List and evaluate all the efforts toward recovery from the AAA to NRA.

• Explain why Roosevelt turned the New Deal to new directions in 1935. What impact did the plan to pack the court have on New Deal policies? What about the recession of 1937 and 1938?

• How did organized labor, women and minorities fare under the New Deal?

• How have historians and other writers interpreted the New Deal? How have these interpretations changed over time? Was it too radical, was it relatively moderate reform program within reform tradition or, in your opinion, did it not go far enough?

• What is the lasting significance of the New Deal?

• Discuss the New Deal and the West. Why did it benefit as a region from New Deal programs?

Back to the top

Chapter 27  The Global Crisis 1921-1941

Terms:

• America First Committee

• Neutrality Acts (1935, 1936, 1937, 1939)

• Nye Committee

• "Lend-Lease"

• Pearl Harbor

• Atlantic Charter

• "Groupthink" (lecture)

• Dawes Plan

• Kellogg-Briand Pact

• Adolf Hitler

• Henry Cabot Lodge

• Quarantine Speech

• World Disarmament Conference

• Election of 1940

• Reparations

• Benito Mussolini

Study Questions

• Describe the evolution of U.S. foreign policy between 1935 and 1941.

• Although officially neutral, in what ways did the Roosevelt administration pursue policies favorable to the Allies before the bombing of Pearl Harbor?

• How do historians stand on the question of Pearl Harbor? Did FDR provoke the Japanese to attack? Did he know of the attack and intentionally fail to send adequate warning to Hawaii?

Back to the top

Chapter 28  America in a World War

Terms:

• Holocaust

• Office of Price Administration

• A. Phillip Randolph

• "Rosie the Riveter"

• Relocation camps

• V-J Day

• V-E Day

• Kamikaze

• Manhattan Project

• Hiroshima, Nagasaki

• Fair Employment Practices Commission

• No-strike pledge

• Navajo Code talkers

• Zoot suiters

• Office of War Mobilization (OWM)

• Earl Warren

• Pachucos

• War Relocation Authority (WRA)

• Vannevar Bush

• St. Louis

• National Defense Research Committee

• Radar

• V1 and V2

• Gee navigation system

• Ultra project

• Magic operation

Study Questions

• Describe the efforts of the federal government to mobilize the nation's economy for war production. Compare the extent of governmental control of the economy in WW I and WW II.

• Compare the extent of war hysteria during WW I and WW II.

• What was the effect of American involvement in the war on the Depression, race relations, New Deal reformism, labor, women, Native Americans and Mexican-Americans?

• Trace Japanese-American relocation. What about Chinese-American relations?

• What was the objective of the Manhattan Project?

• Why did the United States drop the atomic bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki?

Back to the top

Chapter 29  The Cold War

Terms:

• Stalin

• Yalta, Potsdam Conference

• Chiang Kai-shek

• Mao Zedong

• George Kennan

• Truman Doctrine

• Marshall Plan

• National Security Act of 1947

• NATO

• Berlin Blockade

• Fair Deal

• General Douglas MacArthur

• Taft-Hartley Act

• Joseph McCarthy

• 38th Parallel

• House Un-American Activities Committee

• Globalism*

• Election of 1948

• Alger Hiss

• Election of 1952

• Containment

• Churchill's "Iron Curtain" speech*

* Lecture

Study Questions

• Trace the background in relations between the Soviet Union and the U.S. before WW II. What was the extent of their collaboration during the war?

• Who was responsible for the Cold War? Why is it called "cold?" Trace the various interpretations of this controversy.

• Evaluate the Yalta and Potsdam agreements from the point of view of U.S. national interests.

• Define containment. Explain how the Truman Doctrine, the Marshall Plan, and NATO contribute to this policy.

• Was the Fair Deal a continuation of the New Deal? How successful was Truman in getting his program through Congress? What accounts for his success or failure?

• How did the Communist victory in China affect American policy in Asia? Why did the U.S. get involved in Korea?

• Explain the Truman-MacArthur controversy as it relates to Korea.

• Compare the Red Scare in American following WWI and WWII. Explain the rise of "McCarthyism."

• How do you account for the Republican revival in 1952?

Back to the top

Chapter 30  The Affluent Society

Terms:

• Sputnik

• Brown v. Brown of Education 1954, Brown II 1955

• Montgomery bus boycott

• Army-McCarthy hearings

• Massive retaliation

• Ho Chi Minh

• Suez Crisis

• U-2 incident

• John Foster Dulles

• Martin Luther King, Jr.

• Geneva Accords

• Dien Bien Phu

• AFL-CIO

• Levittown

• Keynesian economics

• The Other America

• "Baby Boom"

• Fidel Castro

• "The Beats"

Study Questions

• What was Keynesian economics? How would the government now be involved in the economic cycles? What were the sources of economic growth in the period from 1945-1960?

• Describe the Supreme Court's desegregation decision. Were schools immediately desegregated? What was Brown II?

• What gave rise to the civil rights movement in the 1950s and to what extent did Eisenhower support the movement? What was the Montgomery Bus Boycott? Describe the events surrounding the integration of Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas.

• Trace union gains in the 1950s. What was the significance of the AFL-CIO merger?

• Describe Senator McCarthy's influence in the country. What were the Army-McCarthy hearings? How did they end?

• What did Dulles mean by massive retaliation? How did Eisenhower's foreign policy differ from that of the Truman administration's? Was his policy a success, in your opinion?

• How did the U.S. get involved in Vietnam? What were the 1954 Geneva Accords?

• What was the Middle East crisis in 1956? What was the result?

• What were the sources of American difficulties in Latin America?

• What groups were left out or opted out of the consumer culture of the 1950s?

Back to the top

Chapter 31  The Ordeal of Liberalism

Terms:

• New Frontier

• Warren Commission

• Great Society

• Medicare, Medicaid

• Office of Economic Opportunity

• Freedom Riders

• Civil Rights Act of 1964, 1965

• Martin Luther King, Jr.

• Bay of Pigs

• Cuban Missile Crisis

• Ngo Dinh Diem

• Immigration Act of 1965

• Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

• Tet Offensive

• George Wallace

• 1968 Democratic National Convention

• Malcolm X

• Freedom Summer 1964

• Equal Pay Act 1964

• Title 7 to Civil Rights Act, 1964  (lecture)

• EEOC (Equal Employment Opportunity Commission)  - lecture

Study Questions:

• How did the New Frontier and the Great Society reforms differ?

• Compare and contrast Kennedy and LBJ with respect to 1) goals, 2) style of leadership, and 3) their ability to exercise political clout to accomplish their aims.

• What was the "War on Poverty?"

• How did the civil rights movement in the 1960s differ from that in the 1950s? What was the role of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.? What was the purpose of the freedom rides?

• List the provisions of the Civil Rights Acts of 1964 and 1965.

• Describe the Kennedy's program in terms of defense and foreign policy.

• Why was the Bay of Pigs such a fiasco?

• Trace the background and the sequence of events of the Cuban Missile Crisis.

• Why did the United States get more involved in Vietnam? Who were the Viet Cong? Who was Ngo Dinh Diem?

• What led Congress to pass the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution? What was the Tet Offensive? How did the Tet Offensive affect domestic and foreign policy?

• Discuss the impact of LBJ's withdrawal from the presidential race in 1968. Trace the consequences of the Democratic Convention in Chicago. Why did Nixon win the presidency in 1968?

Back to the top

Chapter 32  The Crisis of Authority

Terms:

• SDS

• Burger Court  (lecture)

• American Indian Movement (AIM)

• NOW National Organization of Women

• Equal Rights Amendment 1972

• Vietnamization

• Pentagon Papers

• Retrenchment  (lecture)

• 1973 Paris Agreement on Vietnam  (lecture)

• SALT I

• Nixon Doctrine

• Yom Kippur War

• Miranda v. Arizona -- Warren Court

• Stonewall Riot

• Watergate break-in

• White House "plumbers"  (lecture)

• New Federalism  (lecture)

• U.S. v. Nixon

• Betty Friedan (The Feminine Mystique)

• Detente  (lecture)

• FAP  Family Assistance Plan

• Multi-polar

• The New Left

• The Counterculture

Study Questions:

• To what extent could the 1960s be termed a cultural revolution?

• List the reasons for the rise of the New Left and the counterculture.

• Trace the problems of the American Indians and Hispanics, and the nature of their protest movements.

• Discuss the rise of the Indian Civil Rights movement. Assess any successes of the movement.

• What was "new" about the new feminism? Why is Betty Friedan significant to the feminist movement?

• Trace the purpose of the ERA. Why was it never ratified, if approved by Congress in 1972?

• Explain Nixon and Kissinger's attempt to bring "peace with honor" in Vietnam. In the Paris accords, did the U.S. achieve its objective?

• Describe the changes in American foreign policy necessitated by the perception of the world as multi-polar.

• Compare the New Federalism of Richard Nixon with previous policies of Truman, Eisenhower, Kennedy and Johnson.

• Why were the Democrats defeated in 1972? Why did the Nixon administration resort to "dirty tricks?"

• Trace the way the Supreme Court in the Nixon years began a change to more conservative posture. Why do you think it did so?

Back to the top

Chapter 33  The "Age of Limits" to the "Age of Reagan"

Terms:

• SALT II

• "Christian Right"

• Human Rights

• Camp David Accords

• New Right

• Iranian Hostage Crisis

• Afghanistan

• Carter Doctrine

• Supply-side Economics

• SDI (Strategic Defense Initiative)

• Grenada

• Sandinistas

• Reagan Doctrine

• PLO

• Muammar Qaddafi

• Sunbelt

• Lebanon

• WIN (Whip Inflation Now) - lecture

• "Malaise" speech

• Fall of Soviet Union

• Gorbachev

• INF

• Iran-Contra Scandal

• Fall of Berlin Wall

• Meeting at Reykjvik, Iceland 1986

• Election of 1976, Election of 1980, Election of 1988

Study Questions:

• What did Gerald Ford do to overcome the effects of Richard Nixon's resignation? Was his pardon of Nixon justified, in your opinion?

• Why did Carter win the presidency in 1976? How did the traits that seemed so attractive in 1976 work against him as president?

• Evaluate the impact of President Carter's emphasis on human rights on the nation's international relations.

• How would you rate President Carter's handling of a) Iranian hostage crisis, b) Egypt-Israel conflict?

• Discuss the reasons for the deteriorating economy under Ford and Carter. What did they do to try to reverse this trend?

• Discuss President Reagan's plan to restore economic health to the nation. Was he successful?

• Trace President Reagan's foreign policy.

• To what extent was Reagan to blame for the scandal of his administration?

• Explain the impact of the New Right. What changes were occurring in the New Left in the 1980s? What was the effect of the Three Mile Island incident?

• Trace the changing demography of America in the 1970s and the 1980s.

• How did the United States respond to the end of the Cold War and the disintegration of the Soviet Union? To what extent were the approaches of reduced military spending and increased world responsibility contradictory? Give examples.

• Describe the problems that plagued the last years of the Reagan administration.

• Discuss the campaign of 1988. Why did George Bush achieve victory?

Back to the top